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Permissions

This document describes the necessary permissions for Remotion Lambda and explains to those interested why the permissions are necessary.

For a step by step guide on how to set up permissions, follow the setup guide.

User permissions

This policy should be assigned to the AWS user. To do so, go to the AWS consoleIAMUsers ➞ Your created Remotion user ➞ Permissions tab ➞ Add inline policy ➞ JSON.

Show full user permissions JSON file for latest Remotion Lambda version
{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Sid": "HandleQuotas",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "servicequotas:GetServiceQuota",
        "servicequotas:GetAWSDefaultServiceQuota",
        "servicequotas:RequestServiceQuotaIncrease",
        "servicequotas:ListRequestedServiceQuotaChangeHistoryByQuota"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "PermissionValidation",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "iam:SimulatePrincipalPolicy"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "LambdaInvokation",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "iam:PassRole"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:iam::*:role/remotion-lambda-role"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "Storage",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "s3:GetObject",
        "s3:DeleteObject",
        "s3:PutObjectAcl",
        "s3:PutObject",
        "s3:CreateBucket",
        "s3:ListBucket",
        "s3:GetBucketLocation",
        "s3:PutBucketAcl",
        "s3:DeleteBucket",
        "s3:PutBucketOwnershipControls",
        "s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock",
        "s3:PutLifecycleConfiguration"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:s3:::remotionlambda-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "BucketListing",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "s3:ListAllMyBuckets"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "FunctionListing",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "lambda:ListFunctions",
        "lambda:GetFunction"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "FunctionManagement",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "lambda:InvokeAsync",
        "lambda:InvokeFunction",
        "lambda:CreateFunction",
        "lambda:DeleteFunction",
        "lambda:PutFunctionEventInvokeConfig",
        "lambda:PutRuntimeManagementConfig",
        "lambda:TagResource"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:lambda:*:*:function:remotion-render-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "LogsRetention",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "logs:CreateLogGroup",
        "logs:PutRetentionPolicy"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:logs:*:*:log-group:/aws/lambda/remotion-render-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "FetchBinaries",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "lambda:GetLayerVersion"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:lambda:*:678892195805:layer:remotion-binaries-*",
        "arn:aws:lambda:*:580247275435:layer:LambdaInsightsExtension*"
      ]
    }
  ]
}
info

You can always get the suitable permission file for your Remotion Lambda version by typing npx remotion lambda policies user.

Role permissions

This policy should be assigned to the role remotion-lambda-role in your AWS account. The permissions below are given to the Lambda function itself.

To assign, go to AWS consoleIAMRolesremotion-lambda-role ➞ Permissions tab ➞ Add inline policy.

Show full role permissions JSON file for latest Remotion Lambda version
{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Sid": "0",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "s3:ListAllMyBuckets"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "1",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "s3:CreateBucket",
        "s3:ListBucket",
        "s3:PutBucketAcl",
        "s3:GetObject",
        "s3:DeleteObject",
        "s3:PutObjectAcl",
        "s3:PutObject",
        "s3:GetBucketLocation"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:s3:::remotionlambda-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "2",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "lambda:InvokeFunction"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:lambda:*:*:function:remotion-render-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "3",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "logs:CreateLogGroup"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:logs:*:*:log-group:/aws/lambda-insights"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "4",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "logs:CreateLogStream",
        "logs:PutLogEvents"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:logs:*:*:log-group:/aws/lambda/remotion-render-*",
        "arn:aws:logs:*:*:log-group:/aws/lambda-insights:*"
      ]
    }
  ]
}
info

You can always get the suitable permission file for your Remotion Lambda version by typing npx remotion lambda policies role.

Validation

There are two ways in which you can test if the permissions for the user have been correctly set up. Either you execute the following command:

bash
npx remotion lambda policies validate
bash
npx remotion lambda policies validate

or if you want to validate it programmatically, using the simulatePermissions() function.

info

Policies for the role cannot be validated.

Explanation

The following table is a breakdown of why Remotion Lambda requires the permissions it does.

User policies

PermissionScopeReason
iam:SimulatePrincipalPolicy*Allows for npx remotion lambda permissions validate.
iam:PassRolearn:aws:iam::*:role/remotion-lambda-roleAllows the Lambda function to assume a role with sufficient permissions.
s3:GetObject
s3:DeleteObject
s3:PutObjectAcl
s3:PutObject
s3:CreateBucket
s3:ListBucket
s3:GetBucketLocation
s3:PutBucketAcl
s3:DeleteBucket
s3.PutBucketOwnershipControls
s3.PutBucketPublicAccessBlock
arn:aws:s3:::remotionlambda-*Allows to create and delete buckets and objects in your account, make objects public and configure them as websites. Only buckets that start with remotionlambda- can be accessed.
s3:ListAllMyBucketsarn:aws:s3:::*Allows listing the names of all buckets in your account, in order to detect an already existing Remotion bucket.
lambda:GetLayerVersionarn:aws:lambda:*:678892195805:layer:remotion-binaries-*Allows to read Chromium and FFMPEG binaries. These binaries are hosted in an account hosted by Remotion specifically dedicated to hosting those layers in all supported regions.
lambda:ListFunctions
lambda:GetFunction
*Allows to read the functions in your AWS account in order to find the correct function to invoke. The loose * permission is because AWS doesn't allow this permission to be tightened.
lambda:InvokeAsync
lambda:InvokeFunction
lambda:DeleteFunction
lambda:PutFunctionEventInvokeConfig
lambda:CreateFunction
lambda:PutRuntimeManagementConfig
lambda:TagResource
arn:aws:lambda:*:*:function:remotion-render-*Allows to create, delete, invoke and configure functions (such as disabling automatic retries). Used by the CLI and the Node.JS APIS to set up, execute and teardown the infrastructure. lambda:TagResource will optionally tag the functions
logs:CreateLogGroup
logs:PutRetentionPolicy
arn:aws:logs:*:*:log-group:/aws/lambda/remotion-render-*Allows to create CloudWatch group, so logs can be saved in there later. Simplifies debugging.
servicequotas:GetServiceQuota
servicequotas:GetAWSDefaultServiceQuota
servicequotas:RequestServiceQuotaIncrease
servicequotas:ListRequestedServiceQuotaChangeHistoryByQuota
*Powers the lambda quotas CLI command.

Role policies

PermissionScopeReason
s3.ListAllMyBuckets*Get a list of Remotion buckets in order to find existing buckets that start with remotionlambda-.
s3:CreateBucket
s3:ListBucket
s3:PutBucketAcl
s3:GetObject
s3:DeleteObject
s3:PutObjectAcl
s3:PutObject
s3:GetBucketLocation
arn:aws:s3:::remotionlambda-*Create and delete buckets and items, make them public or private and fetch their location. Since Remotion stores the videos in an S3 bucket, it needs basic CRUD capabilities over those buckets. The permission only applies to buckets that start with remotionlambda-
lambda:InvokeFunction
arn:aws:lambda:*:*:function:remotion-render*Allow the function to recursively invoke itself. A render involves multiple function calls, which is to be orchestrated by the first function call.
lambda:CreateLogStream
lambda:PutLogEvents
arn:aws:logs:*:*:log-group:/aws/lambda/remotion-render*Allows to write the function logs to CloudWatch for easier debugging.

See also